Australia’s diverse marine environments host a variety of dolphin and whale species, each with unique characteristics and seasonal patterns. Below is an overview of these species, including their habitats, behaviours, and the optimal times and locations for observing them in Australian waters.​

Southern Right Whale (Eubalaena australis)

Southern right whales are large baleen whales, identifiable by their broad backs without dorsal fins and callosities on their heads.​

Where can I see Southern Right whales in Australia?

Southern right whales are commonly observed along Australia’s southern coastline. Notable aggregation sites include the Great Australian Bight and areas off the coasts of Victoria and Tasmania

When is the best time of year for spotting Southern Right whales?

They migrate from Antarctic feeding grounds to Australian coastal waters between May and October for calving and breeding. Peak sightings of this whale species typically occur from June to August.

Facts about southern right whales:

  • Southern right whales are known for their curious behaviour, often approaching vessels.​
  • This whale species can reach lengths up to 17 meters and weigh as much as 100 tonnes.
  • They were named “right whales” by whalers, who considered them the “right” whales to hunt due to their high blubber content and tendency to float when killed. Their populations have been recovering since the cessation of whaling, but they remain protected and ongoing conservation efforts are essential. ​
Source ea-4 from Getty Images Pro

Humpback Whale (Megaptera novaeangliae)

Humpback whales are renowned for their acrobatic displays and complex songs. They possess distinctive knobbly protuberances on their heads and long pectoral fins.​

Where can I see Humpback whales in Australia?

Humpback whales migrate along both the east and west coasts of Australia. Notable viewing locations of this whale species include Hervey Bay in Queensland, Sydney in New South Wales, and the Margaret River region in Western Australia. ​

When is the best time of year for spotting Humpback whales?

The migration period spans from May to November, with peak sightings typically occurring between June and August. ​

Facts about humpback whales:

  • Humpback whales undertake one of the longest migrations of any mammal, traveling up to 10,000 kilometers annually.​
  • Each whale’s tail fluke has a unique pattern, allowing researchers to identify individuals.​
  • Their complex songs can last for hours and are believed to play a role in communication and mating.​
Source Adam Ernster from Pexels

Blue Whale (Balaenoptera musculus)

Blue whales are the largest animals known to have ever existed, reaching lengths up to 30 meters and weights of approximately 180 tonnes.​

Where can I see Blue whales in Australia?

This whale species are occasionally spotted off the coasts of Western Australia, particularly near the Perth Canyon, and in the Bonney Upwelling off the southern coastline.

When is the best time of year for spotting Blue whales?

Sightings are most common between November and May, corresponding with krill abundance in these regions. ​

Facts about blue whales:

  • A blue whale’s heart can weigh as much as a car, underscoring their massive size.​
  • Despite their size, this whale species primarily feeds on tiny krill, consuming up to 4 tonnes daily.​
  • Their vocalizations are among the loudest of any creature, detectable over hundreds of kilometers underwater.
Source R1805 from Getty Images

Orca (Orcinus orca)

Orcas, also known as killer whales, are apex predators recognized for their striking black-and-white coloration and complex social structures.​

Where can I see Orcas in Australia?

Bremer Bay in Western Australia is renowned for regular orca sightings, especially during the summer months. 

When is the best time of year for spotting Orcas?

The optimal period is from January to April, when orcas frequent the Bremer Canyon to hunt. ​

Facts about Orcas: 

  • Orcas are the largest members of the dolphin family.​
  • They exhibit sophisticated hunting techniques and have been observed teaching these methods to younger pod members.​
  • Different orca pods have distinct vocalizations, akin to regional dialects in human languages.​
Source sethakan from Getty Images Signature

Dwarf Minke Whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata subsp.)

Dwarf minke whales are the smallest baleen whales, known for their curious nature and interactions with humans.​

Where can I see Dwarf Minke whales in Australia?

The northern Great Barrier Reef, particularly around the Ribbon Reefs, is a prime location for observing these whales. 

When is the best time of year for spotting Dwarf Minke whales?

This whale species are typically encountered between May and August during their migration through the Great Barrier Reef. ​

Facts about dwarf minke whales:

  • Dwarf Minke whales have a distinctive white band on their pectoral fins, setting them apart from other minke whale species.​
  • Their vocalizations include a series of clicks, pulses, and buzzes, which are subjects of ongoing research.​
Source

Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops spp.)

Bottlenose dolphins are robust, intelligent, and highly social marine mammals, easily recognised by their curved dorsal fin, short beak, and playful behaviour. They are one of the most familiar and widely studied dolphin species.

Where can I see bottlenose dolphins in Australia?


Bottlenose dolphins are found all around Australia’s coastline, particularly in sheltered bays, estuaries, and coastal waters. Well-known hotspots include Jervis Bay (NSW), Port Phillip Bay (VIC), Moreton Bay (QLD), and Monkey Mia (WA), where some populations are resident year-round.

When is the best time of year for spotting bottlenose dolphins?
These dolphins are present year-round in Australian waters. However, sightings are more common between October and April, when calmer seas and warmer temperatures provide ideal viewing conditions. Early morning and late afternoon tend to be the most active times of day.

Facts about bottlenose dolphins:

  • Bottlenose dolphins use echolocation to navigate and hunt, producing clicks and interpreting echoes from objects around them.
  • They live in social groups called pods and often display cooperative behaviours such as hunting in synchronised formations.
  • These dolphins can live for over 40 years in the wild and have been observed using tools – such as marine sponges – to protect their snouts while foraging.

Dive into more amazing dolphin facts here

Source werdepate from pixabay

Common Dolphin (Delphinus delphis)

Common dolphins are fast, agile, and social animals, easily recognised by their distinctive hourglass pattern along the sides of their bodies. They are among the most widespread and abundant dolphin species in the world.

Where can I see Common dolphins in Australia?

Common dolphins are typically found in offshore waters along the southern and eastern coasts of Australia. They are regularly seen in deeper coastal areas off New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, and southern Western Australia. In places like Port Phillip Bay and Eden (NSW), they are known to follow boats and ride the bow waves.

Subheading: When is the best time of year for spotting common dolphins?

Common dolphins can be seen year-round in Australian waters. However, they are more likely to be spotted during periods of calm weather and in areas where prey like schooling fish is abundant – particularly in spring and summer when ocean productivity is high.

Facts about common dolphins:

  • Common dolphins are among the fastest marine mammals, reaching speeds of up to 60 km/h.
  • They often form large pods, sometimes numbering in the hundreds or even thousands, and are known to mix with other cetacean species.
  • These dolphins are highly social and vocal, using a range of whistles and clicks to communicate and coordinate during group hunting.

Dive into more amazing dolphin facts here

Source roclwyr from Getty Images

Spinner Dolphin (Stenella longirostris)

Spinner dolphins are named for their acrobatic displays, often leaping and spinning multiple times in the air.​

Where can I see Spinner dolphins in Australia?

They are commonly found in the tropical waters of northern Australia, including areas like the Kimberley region and the Northern Territory’s coastline.​

When is the best time of year for spotting Spinner dolphins?

Spinner dolphins are present year-round in these tropical waters, with no significant migratory patterns.​

Did you know?

  • Spinner dolphins can spin up to seven times in a single leap, a behaviour believed to be a form of communication or play.​
  • They often travel in large pods, sometimes numbering hundreds of individuals.​
  • Their diet primarily consists of small fish and squid, typically hunted during nighttime.​
Source KiltedArab from Getty Images

These dolphin and whale species contribute significantly to Australia’s rich marine biodiversity, offering unique opportunities for observation and study.